{"id":3584,"date":"2015-01-15T01:10:37","date_gmt":"2015-01-15T01:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.matsati.com\/?p=3584"},"modified":"2018-09-23T20:15:02","modified_gmt":"2018-09-23T20:15:02","slug":"tehillim-psalms-58-part-2-remaining-strong-in-our-faith","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.matsati.com\/index.php\/tehillim-psalms-58-part-2-remaining-strong-in-our-faith\/","title":{"rendered":"Tehillim \/ Psalms 58, Part 2, Remaining Strong in Our Faith"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

This week\u2019s study is from <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58:1-11,<\/span> the psalm opens saying, <\/span>\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b5\u05d7\u05b7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05dc-\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05ea \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05de\u05b4\u05db\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: <\/span> For the choir director; set to <\/span><\/a>Al-tashheth. A Mikhtam of David. (NASB)<\/span> David asks, <\/span>\u05d4 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05e0\u05b8\u05d7\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05e4\u05b6\u05ea\u05b6\u05df \u05d7\u05b5\u05e8\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d0\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d6\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9: <\/span> 58:1 Do you indeed speak righteousness, O gods? Do you judge uprightly, O sons of men? (NASB)<\/span> The question David has is do the gods of the nations speak righteousness? What is unrighteous about an idol god and how does an idol god promote unrighteousness? What does <\/span>\u201csons of men\u201d<\/span> mean in relation to David\u2019s question regarding judging uprightly? Is his question rhetorical? He answers his question saying, <\/span>\u05d1 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d0\u05bb\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b6\u05dd \u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05de\u05b5\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd: \u05d2 \u05d0\u05b7\u05e3-\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b5\u05d1 \u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b9\u05ea \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d3\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b5\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05df: \u05d3 \u05d6\u05b9\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc \u05e8\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b5\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05d8\u05b6\u05df \u05d3\u05bc\u05b9\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05db\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d1: \u05d4 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05e0\u05b8\u05d7\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05e4\u05b6\u05ea\u05b6\u05df \u05d7\u05b5\u05e8\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d0\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d6\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9: \u05d5 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc \u05de\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b0\u05d7\u05bb\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: <\/span> 58:2 No, in heart you work unrighteousness; On earth you weigh out the violence of your hands. 58:3 The wicked are estranged from the womb; These who speak lies go astray from birth. 58:4 They have venom like the venom of a serpent; Like a deaf cobra that stops up its ear, 58:5 So that it does not hear the voice of charmers, Or a skillful caster of spells. (NASB)<\/span> David says that he knows the heart of those who serve the idol gods, they work unrighteousness in the heart which manifests itself in violence in one\u2019s hand. David appears to parallel Jacob and Esau, according to the Torah, to the wicked who are estranged from the womb. The wicked speak lies being full of venom and they do not listen which is parallel to the snake that doesn\u2019t listen to the charmer. David seeks the Lord\u2019s help saying, <\/span>\u05d6 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b2\u05e8\u05b8\u05e1-\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05de\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05b9\u05e5 | \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4: \u05d7 \u05d9\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b2\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc \u05db\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05de\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b0\u05db\u05d5\u05bc-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05e8\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5 [\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5] \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05de\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc: \u05d8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc \u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05de\u05b6\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05e0\u05b5\u05e4\u05b6\u05dc \u05d0\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05dc-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1: <\/span> 58:6 O God, shatter their teeth in their mouth; Break out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord. 58:7 Let them flow away like water that runs off; When he aims his arrows, let them be as headless shafts. 58:8 Let them be as a snail which melts away as it goes along, Like the miscarriages of a woman which never see the sun. (NASB)<\/span> He continues saying, <\/span>\u05d9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05b6\u05e8\u05b6\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05e1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b9\u05ea\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d8\u05b8\u05d3 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b7\u05d9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc: <\/span> 58:9 Before your pots can feel the fire of thorns He will sweep them away with a whirlwind, the green and the burning alike. (NASB)<\/span> David concludes his psalm saying, <\/span>\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u05d7 \u05e6\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05b8\u05e7\u05b8\u05dd \u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05de\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d7\u05b7\u05e5 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05dd \u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2: \u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d9\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0-\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0 \u05d9\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1-\u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05c1\u05b9\u05e4\u05b0\u05d8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5:<\/span> 58:10 The righteous will rejoice when he sees the vengeance; He will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked. 58:11 And men will say, \u2018Surely there is a reward for the righteous; Surely there is a God who judges on earth!\u2019 (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea Hebrew<\/span> \u05d0\u05e8\u05de\u05d9 Aramaic \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 Greek<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n
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\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05e0\u05d7<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b5\u05d7\u05b7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05dc-\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05ea \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05de\u05b4\u05db\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: \u05d1 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d0\u05bb\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b6\u05dd \u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05de\u05b5\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd: \u05d2 \u05d0\u05b7\u05e3-\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b5\u05d1 \u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b9\u05ea \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d3\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b5\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05df: \u05d3 \u05d6\u05b9\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc \u05e8\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b5\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05d8\u05b6\u05df \u05d3\u05bc\u05b9\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05db\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d1:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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\u05e1\u05dd\u05e8 \u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05e0\u05d7<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d1\u05d7\u05d0 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e2\u05e7\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05d3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d1\u05d9\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3 \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd\u05c3 \u05d1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d8\u05d0 \u05e9\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05df \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05df \u05de\u05e6\u05d5 \u05d7\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d3\u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05ea\u05d0 \u05ea\u05de\u05dc\u05dc\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05e8\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d3\u05e0\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05c3 \u05d2 \u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d9\u05e2\u05d9 \u05de\u05d4 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05e2\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e2\u05d0 \u05d7\u05d8\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05df\u05c3 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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\u03a8\u0391\u039b\u039c\u039f\u0399<\/span> 58<\/span><\/p>\n

58:1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f73\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c1\u1fc3\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0394\u03b1\u03c5\u03b9\u03b4 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u1f7b\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd 58:2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u1f77\u1fb3 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u1f71\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u1f31 \u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u1f73\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd 58:3 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u1f7d\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f75\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u1f75\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bb\u1f71\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c8\u03b5\u1f7b\u03b4\u03b7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u05d4 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05e0\u05b8\u05d7\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05e4\u05b6\u05ea\u05b6\u05df \u05d7\u05b5\u05e8\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d0\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d6\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9: \u05d5 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc \u05de\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b0\u05d7\u05bb\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: \u05d6 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b2\u05e8\u05b8\u05e1-\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05de\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05b9\u05e5 | \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4: \u05d7 \u05d9\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b2\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc \u05db\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05de\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b0\u05db\u05d5\u05bc-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05e8\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5 [\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5] \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05de\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc: \u05d8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc \u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05de\u05b6\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05e0\u05b5\u05e4\u05b6\u05dc \u05d0\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05dc-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1: \u05d9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05b6\u05e8\u05b6\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05e1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b9\u05ea\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d8\u05b8\u05d3 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b7\u05d9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc: \u05d9\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u05d7 \u05e6\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05b8\u05e7\u05b8\u05dd \u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05de\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d7\u05b7\u05e5 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05dd \u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2: \u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d9\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0-\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0 \u05d9\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1-\u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05c1\u05b9\u05e4\u05b0\u05d8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5: <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

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\n

58:4 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u1f77\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f44\u03c6\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c3\u03b5\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c3\u03c0\u1f77\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c9\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b2\u03c5\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f66\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 58:5 \u1f25\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1fb3\u03b4\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u1f71\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u1fe6 58:6 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f40\u03b4\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f7b\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f73\u03b8\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 58:7 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f79\u03be\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd 58:8 \u1f61\u03c3\u03b5\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b7\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f73\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03b5\u1f36\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f25\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd 58:9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u1f73\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u1f71\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1fe5\u1f71\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f61\u03c3\u03b5\u1f76 \u03b6\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c3\u03b5\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f40\u03c1\u03b3\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u1f77\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 58:10 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f77\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u1f34\u03b4\u1fc3 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b4\u1f77\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u1f77\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u1f35\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 58:11 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u1f77\u1ff3 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76\u03bd \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u1fc7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

This week\u2019s study is from <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58:1-11,<\/span> the psalm opens saying, <\/span>\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b5\u05d7\u05b7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05dc-\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05ea \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05de\u05b4\u05db\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: <\/span> For the choir director; set to Al-tashheth. A Mikhtam of David. (NASB)<\/span> Here we find the words <\/span>\u201cAl-tashheth\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05d0\u05b7\u05dc-\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05ea<\/span>) transliterated into the English language similar to <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 57<\/span>. The word <\/span>\u201cAl\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05d0\u05b7\u05dc<\/span>) is an adverb meaning <\/span>\u201cdon\u2019t, it is forbidden to; not, no,\u201d<\/span> and the word <\/span>\u201ctashheth\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05ea<\/span>) is from the root word <\/span>\u201cShakhat\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d7\u05ea<\/span>) meaning <\/span>\u201cdestruction.\u201d<\/span> The opening phrase in the Psalm from the MT appears to be related to <\/span>\u201cnot causing destruction\u201d<\/span> which is the wisdom of David (a Mikhtam of David). The Aramaic Targum states, <\/span>\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d1\u05d7\u05d0 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e2\u05e7\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05d3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d1\u05d9\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3 \u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd\u05c3<\/span> 58:1 For praise; concerning the distress in the time when David said, \u201cDo no harm\u201d; composed by David, humble and innocent. (EMC)<\/span> The opening words from the MT do not provide any additional information regarding the phrase <\/span>\u201cnot causing destruction\u201d<\/span> as the previous psalm did with regard to David being in the cave when Saul went to relieve himself, David chose not to do harm to the man who was seeking his life. This psalm says simply do not cause destruction, the wisdom of David. The Aramaic Targum adds that this is concerning a time of distress when David said to do no harm, and this is considered humble and innocent lifestyle. The <\/span><\/a>Apostle Paul said to the <\/span><\/a>Romans 13:10 Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of the law. (NASB)<\/span> What does it mean to fulfill the law (Torah)? The phrase <\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/a>fulfill the Torah\u201d<\/span> is actually a rabbinic idiom that is still in use today. The word <\/span>\u201claw\u201d<\/span> or <\/span>\u201cTorah\u201d<\/span> is understood from the sense of teaching, guidance, and instruction, rather than the <\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/a>legal regulation.\u201d<\/span> Commentators have often understood the Torah to refer to the first five books of the Bible but tend to look at the Torah purely from the perspective of being a legal regulation rather than a loving God giving His children instructions for living. According to the Scriptures, we also know that the word Torah may be used as a reference to the Scriptures in general. In Yeshua\u2019s time, and amongst Jews today, the Torah is a very positive thing, the Lord God gave us His instructions for how to live. Therefore, the rabbis made it their goal to understand these instructions and to teach people to live by them just like we read in <\/span><\/a>Ezra 7:10<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n
\n

Tehillim \/ Psalms 58<\/span><\/p>\n

For the choir director; set to Al-tashheth. A Mikhtam of David. 58:1 Do you indeed speak righteousness, O gods? Do you judge uprightly, O sons of men? 58:2 No, in heart you work unrighteousness; On earth you weigh out the violence of your hands. 58:3 The wicked are estranged from the womb; These who speak lies go astray from birth. 58:4 They have venom like the venom of a serpent; Like a deaf cobra that stops up its ear, 58:5 So that it does not hear the voice of charmers, Or a skillful caster of spells. 58:6 O God, shatter their teeth in their mouth; Break out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord. 58:7 Let them flow away like water that runs off; When he aims his arrows, let them be as headless shafts. 58:8 Let them be as a snail which melts away as it goes along, Like the miscarriages of a woman which never see the sun. 58:9 Before your pots can feel the fire of thorns He will sweep them away with a whirlwind, the green and the burning alike. 58:10 The righteous will rejoice when he sees the vengeance; He will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked. 58:11 And men will say, \u2018Surely there is a reward for the righteous; Surely there is a God who judges on earth!\u2019 (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

T<\/span>oviyah \/ Psalms 58<\/span><\/p>\n

58:1 For praise; concerning the distress in the time when David said, \u201cDo no harm\u201d; composed by David, humble and innocent. 58:2 In very truth are you silent, O righteous ones, in the time of strife? It is fitting that you speak righteousness, that you judge uprightly the sons of men. 58:3 But, O wicked, wherefore do you commit iniquity in the heart, wherefore do your hands establish crime on the earth? 58:4 The wicked have become strangers from birth; those who utter falsehood have gone astray from the womb. 58:5 Poison is theirs like the poison of the serpent; like the deaf adder that stops up his ears. 58:6 Lest it should accept the words of the wizards, the charmers of snakes; he is wiser than those who cast spells. 58:7 O God, smash their teeth in their mouth; and shatter the fangs of the lions\u2019 offspring, O Lord. 58:8 Let them dissolve in their sins; like water, let them flow away; and he draws arrows at them, and they will be cut in pieces. 58:9 Like the crawling snail whose path is disgusting, like the abortion and the mole who are blind and have not seen the sun; 58:10 Before the soft wicked become as hard as thorns, while they are moist, while they are like unripe fruit, may he destroy them by the storm wind. 58:11 The righteous will rejoice, for he has seen retribution on them; he will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked man. 58:12 And the sons of men will say, \u201cTruly there is a good reward for the righteous, truly there is a God whose judgments extend to the earth.\u201d (EMC)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalmoi \/ Psalms 58<\/span><\/p>\n

For the end. Destroy not: by David, for a memorial. 58:1 If ye do indeed speak righteousness, then do ye judge rightly, ye sons of men. 58:2 For ye work iniquities in your hearts in the earth: your hands plot unrighteousness. 58:3 Sinners have gone astray from the womb: they go astray from the belly: they speak lies. 58:4 Their venom is like that of a serpent; as that of a deaf asp, and that stops her ears; 58:5 which will not hear the voice of charmers, nor heed the charm prepared skillfully by the wise. 58:6 God has crushed their teeth in their mouth: God has broken the cheek-teeth of the lions. 58:7 They shall utterly pass away like water running through: he shall bend his bow till they shall fail. 58:8 They shall be destroyed as melted wax: the fire has fallen and they have not seen the sun. 58:9 Before your thorns feel the white thorn, he shall swallow you up as living, as in his wrath. 58:10 The righteous shall rejoice when he sees the vengeance of the ungodly: he shall wash his hands in the blood of the sinner. 58:11 And a man shall say, Verily then there is a reward for the righteous: verily there is a God that judges them in the earth. (LXX)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Looking at the Hebrew translation of <\/span><\/a>Romans 13:10 <\/span>(<\/span>\u05d4\u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05e8\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e8\u05e2 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05dc\u05d4\u05c3<\/span>) we can see the translation of <\/span>\u201cto fulfill\u201d<\/span> or <\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/a>fulfillment\u201d<\/span> is taken from the word <\/span>\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd<\/span> which means <\/span>\u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd<\/span> \u201cto fulfil, carry out; hold; save\u201d<\/span> not to destroy. This word means to uphold or establish as well as to fulfill, complete, or accomplish. In rabbinic thought, the phrase <\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/a>fulfill the Law\u201d<\/span> is often used as an idiom to refer to the proper interpretation of the Torah so that people can follow in God\u2019s ways in the way that He had intended. The difficulty today is that there are some interpretations that are designed to undermine the meaning of the Torah by misinterpreting it. Take for example, the mitzvah concerning adultery. One could interpret this command to say that this is specifically against one\u2019s spouse, and not about pornography, thus, looking at pornography is OK. When Yeshua declared lust as also being a violation of the command, he was clarifying the true intent of the Torah, looking at pornography is also adultery, thus, Yeshua clarified the true intent of the law in the sense of the rabbinic understanding of <\/span>\u201cto fulfill the Law.\u201d<\/span> In a similar manner, the rabbinic understanding of <\/span>\u201cfulfilling the Law\u201d<\/span> is within this context. Another example of this is found in <\/span>Mishnah, Horayot 1:3<\/span>. (<\/span>Note that the Mishnah is a composition of Jewish law that contains sayings from 200 BC to 200 AD.<\/span>) <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Mishnah, <\/span><\/a>Horayot 1:3 <\/span><\/p>\n

If the Sanhedrin gives a decision to abolish (uproot) a law, by saying for instance, that the Torah does not include the laws of Sabbath or idolatry, the members of the court are free from a sin offering if they obey them; but if the Sanhedrin abolishes only one part of a law but fulfills (lekayem) the other part, they are liable.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Mishnah, <\/span><\/a>Pirke Avot, <\/span><\/a>4:14<\/span><\/p>\n

Go away to a place of study of the Torah, and do not suppose that it will come to you. For your fellow disciples will fulfill it in your hand. And on your own understanding do not rely. (Here \u201cfulfill\u201d means to explain and interpret the Scripture.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Here we find another sense of the phrase <\/span>\u201cfulfill the Law,\u201d<\/span> is given which means <\/span>\u201cto carry out a law,\u201d<\/span> to actually do what it says. In the rabbinic rulings near Yeshua\u2019s time, we can find many examples of this usage, such as from <\/span><\/a>Mishnah, <\/span><\/a>Sukkot 2:7, \u201cIf this is how you act, you have never in your whole life fulfilled the requirement of dwelling in a sukkah!\u201d<\/span> Here, one rabbi is criticizing another\u2019s interpretation of the Torah, which caused him not to do what it really intends. Teaching that Christians are not obligated to obey the Torah is a gross error if the Apostolic writings are written from the rabbinic point of view of doing what the Torah really intends in the fulfillment of the Torah as opposed to its being destroyed or done away with. Another example from <\/span><\/a>Mishnah, <\/span><\/a>Pirke Avot 4:9,<\/span> reads,<\/span> \u201cWhoever fulfills the Torah when poor will in the end fulfill it in wealth. And whoever treats the Torah as nothing when he is wealthy in the end will treat it as nothing in poverty.\u201d<\/span> Again, the rabbis discuss <\/span>\u201cto obey\u201d<\/span> as opposed to the modern mindset that <\/span>\u201cfulfill\u201d<\/span> was meant to do away with. <\/span><\/p>\n

In the Apostolic Writings, these two usages of <\/span>\u201cfulfill\u201d<\/span> appear to be key to understanding Yeshua\u2019s words in the passage in <\/span>Matthew 5<\/span> that begins with him speaking about <\/span>\u201cfulfilling the law.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Matthew 5:19<\/span><\/p>\n

Anyone who breaks one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven.<\/span> (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

19<\/span>\u1f43\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03bb\u1f7b\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03c7\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u1f71\u03be\u1fc3 \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u1f10\u03bb\u1f71\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u1f77\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd: \u1f43\u03c2 \u03b4\u2019 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f75\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u1f71\u03be\u1fc3, \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f73\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u1f77\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05db\u05df \u05de\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d8\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05d9\u05dc\u05de\u05d3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d3\u05dd \u05e7\u05d8\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d1\u05de\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d9\u05dc\u05de\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc \u05d9\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d1\u05de\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd\u05c3<\/span><\/p>\n

Here we find two actions (i) <\/span>\u201cpracticing\u201d<\/span> and (ii) <\/span>\u201cteaching others to do the same.\u201d<\/span> These two are a parallel to the two idiomatic senses of <\/span>\u201cfulfill,\u201d<\/span> while the words <\/span>\u201cbreak\u201d<\/span> and <\/span>\u201cteach others to break\u201d<\/span> are the idiomatic senses of <\/span>\u201cabolish.\u201d<\/span> Yeshua\u2019s statement about <\/span><\/a>fulfilling and abolishing the Torah is a parallel to this sentence. Remember that parallelism was also a very common rabbinic method for emphasizing an idea in the Bible. By understanding the idiom we see that Yeshua was emphatically stating his intention, which was to explain God\u2019s word and live by it, and not to undermine it. Based upon this analysis, to teach that the Torah is abolished or done away with is to undermine the true meaning of God\u2019s word.<\/span><\/p>\n

The question then is if the Torah is God\u2019s instructions for how to live, then are Gentiles entirely excluded from its wonderful truths? In both Romans and Galatians, following Paul\u2019s having spent time arguing over the halachah regarding how to observe the Torah and its relationship to salvation in Yeshua the Messiah, he answers this question by speaking about how the Gentiles can <\/span>\u201cfulfill the Law\u201d<\/span> according to <\/span>Romans 13:8-10<\/span> and <\/span>Galatians 5:14<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Romans 13:8-10<\/span><\/p>\n

13:8 Owe nothing to anyone except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law 13:9 For this, \u2018You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,\u2019 and if there is any other commandment, it is summed up in this saying, \u2018You shall love your neighbor as yourself.\u2019 13:10 Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of the law. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Galatians 5:14<\/span><\/p>\n

5:14 For the whole Law is fulfilled in one word, in the statement \u2018You shall love your neighbor as yourself.\u2019 (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

The question <\/span>\u201cis Paul using the idiomatic sense of \u2018fulfill the Torah?\u2019\u201d<\/span> If Paul is using the idiomatic sense of <\/span>\u201cfulfill the Torah,\u201d<\/span> he is reiterating Yeshua\u2019s key teaching about loving God and neighbor that says <\/span>\u201cAll the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments\u201d<\/span> (<\/span><\/a>Matthew 22:40<\/span>). These two commands are the summation of all the Torah. Love is the overriding principle that shapes how all laws should be obeyed, we obey God\u2019s law because we love Him. Paul also seems to be using the idiomatic sense of <\/span>\u201cfulfill the Torah\u201d<\/span> to say that loving your neighbor is actually the living out of the Torah. When we love our neighbor, it is as if we have done everything God has asked of us. The point is that a person who is honest and praiseworthy in all his dealings with others has truly hit God\u2019s goal for how he should live. He didn\u2019t cancel the Law, he actually lived it to the utmost! Similarly, Paul is saying that when we love our neighbor, we have truly achieved the goal of all the mitzvot. The motivation for obeying God\u2019s commands should be out of love, this is why the Apostle John wrote in his epistle in <\/span><\/a>1 John 5:1 Whoever believes that Jesus is the Christ is born of God, and whoever loves the Father loves the child born of Him. 5:2 By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and observe His commandments. 5:3 For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments; and His commandments are not burdensome. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

In <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58<\/span>, David opens with a question saying, <\/span>\u05d1 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d0\u05bb\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b6\u05dd \u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05de\u05b5\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd: <\/span> 58:1 Do you indeed speak righteousness, O gods? Do you judge uprightly, O sons of men? (NASB)<\/span> The question David has is \u201cdo the gods of the nations speak righteousness?\u201d What is unrighteous about an idol god and how does an idol god promote unrighteousness? What does <\/span>\u201csons of men\u201d<\/span> mean in relation to David\u2019s question regarding judging uprightly? Is his question rhetorical? The Apostle Paul says the following in <\/span>2 Corinthians 6:14-7:1.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>2 Corinthians 6:14-7:1<\/span><\/p>\n

6:14 Do not be bound together with unbelievers; for what partnership have righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship has light with darkness? 6:15 Or what harmony has Christ with Belial, or what has a believer in common with an unbeliever? 6:16 Or what agreement has the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God; just as God said, \u2018I will dwell in them and walk among them; And I will be their God, and they shall be My people. 6:17 \u2018Therefore, come out from their midst and be separate,\u2019 says the Lord. \u2018And do not touch what is unclean; And I will welcome you. 6:18 \u2018And I will be a father to you, And you shall be sons and daughters to Me,\u2019 Says the Lord Almighty. 7:1 Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

The point that Paul is trying to make is an exhortation to pious persons to be weary of those who are deceitful and who are unrighteous (not obeying the command of God). Paul asks the question, of what agreement has the temple of God with idols? Nothing could be more of an abomination to a Jew than an idol in the temple of God. Here, no agreement is possible, the worship of two is incompatible. An idolater never worships the true God. Paul exhorts the believer to cleanse himself of all defilement of both flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of the Lord (<\/span>7:1<\/span>). The point is how could one keep the profession of faith and be under the influence of the Holy Spirit, while at the same time joining one\u2019s self to unrighteousness having communion with darkness, concord with Belial and with infidels? Paul quotes from Parashat Bekhukotai saying, <\/span>\u201cjust as God said, \u2018I will dwell in them and walk among them; And I will be their God, and they shall be My people\u201d<\/span> drawing upon the Torah to make his emphasis on the importance of who we are in the Messiah Yeshua, the Temple of God. In addition to this, righteousness is defined as believing in the Lord, in His Word, and obeying His commands (see <\/span><\/a>Revelation 12:17<\/span>). The Torah tells us to be careful to observe God\u2019s commands in the land which God has given us as we live on this earth. Notice how this applies to each of us, we have been given land to live upon, we are to live in the righteous ways of God as long as we are here on this earth. We read this in <\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 12:1-5.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 12:1-5<\/span><\/p>\n

12:1 \u2018These are the statutes and the judgments which you shall carefully observe in the land which the Lord, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess as long as you live on the earth. 12:2 \u2018You shall utterly destroy all the places where the nations whom you shall dispossess serve their gods, on the high mountains and on the hills and under every green tree. 12:3 \u2018You shall tear down their altars and smash their sacred pillars and burn their Asherim with fire, and you shall cut down the engraved images of their gods and obliterate their name from that place. 12:4 \u2018You shall not act like this toward the Lord your God. 12:5 \u2018But you shall seek the LORD at the place which the Lord your God will choose from all your tribes, to establish His name there for His dwelling, and there you shall come. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

These Scriptures tell us that we are to destroy the places the nations served their gods, on the high mountains, and under every green tree. We are to destroy the sacred pillars, the <\/span><\/a>Asherim, the graven images, and utterly remove the name of their gods from the land. In addition to this, we are told that we are not to act in the way the nations do to serve our God. We are to serve God the way He wants us to. <\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 12<\/span> goes on to say the following:<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 12:30-32<\/span><\/p>\n

12:30 beware that you are not ensnared to follow them, after they are destroyed before you, and that you do not inquire after their gods, saying, \u2018How do these nations serve their gods, that I also may do likewise?\u2019 12:31 \u2018You shall not behave thus toward the Lord your God, for every abominable act which the Lord hates they have done for their gods; for they even burn their sons and daughters in the fire to their gods. 12:32 \u2018Whatever I command you, you shall be careful to do; you shall not add to nor take away from it. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 12:30-31<\/span> states explicitly we are not to serve the Lord our God the way the nations served their gods. The unrighteousness of an idol god is that the idol is not the Lord God in heaven. Serving an idol god is a violation of the command of God and consequentially unrighteousness and sin. Serving God in the way the nations served their gods is also considered unrighteousness and sin. <\/span><\/p>\n

The Aramaic Targum states, <\/span>\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d8\u05d0 \u05e9\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05df \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05df \u05de\u05e6\u05d5 \u05d7\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d3\u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05ea\u05d0 \u05ea\u05de\u05dc\u05dc\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05e8\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d3\u05e0\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05c3<\/span> 58:2 In very truth are you silent, O righteous ones, in the time of strife? It is fitting that you speak righteousness, that you judge uprightly the sons of men. (EMC)<\/span> The Septuagint states, 58:1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f73\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c1\u1fc3\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0394\u03b1\u03c5\u03b9\u03b4 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u1f7b\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd <\/span>8:1 If ye do indeed speak righteousness, then do ye judge rightly, ye sons of men. (LXX)<\/span> The Targum and the LXX are speaking of the <\/span>\u201csons of men\u201d<\/span> and judging rightly. Based upon the history of Israel and of the nations (<\/span>specifically, Greek and Roman history on idolatry<\/span>) the worship of the idol gods involved indulging in sexual sin, adultery, and included the involvement of both male and female prostitution (<\/span><\/a>1 Corinthians 6:9<\/span>). Paul says those who know that unrighteousness will not inherit God\u2019s kingdom. Those <\/span>\u201csons of men\u201d <\/span>who partook in idolatrous worship were unable to judge rightly for the very reason of committing these sins before God. In addition to this, the hearts of those who indulge in these kinds of sin are manifested in the corruptness of their interactions with one another, their hearts are caught up all the day long in lust, they seek to destroy the innocent, lay in wait to catch someone to kill them, to financially ruin the poor for the purpose of their own profit, etc. <\/span><\/a>Jeremiah 2:5<\/span> states <\/span>\u201cThis is what the LORD says: \u201cWhat fault did your ancestors find in me, that they strayed so far from me? They followed worthless idols and became worthless themselves.\u201d (NIV)<\/span> In their actions, in their knowledge and in their practice, the worshiping of idols, these men become utterly wicked, Jeremiah says they become worthless just like their idols are worthless. <\/span><\/p>\n

David continues saying, <\/span>\u05d1 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d0\u05bb\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b6\u05dd \u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05de\u05b5\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd: \u05d2 \u05d0\u05b7\u05e3-\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b5\u05d1 \u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b9\u05ea \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05df \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d3\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b5\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05df: \u05d3 \u05d6\u05b9\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc \u05e8\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b5\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05d8\u05b6\u05df \u05d3\u05bc\u05b9\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05db\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d1: \u05d4 \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05ea-\u05e0\u05b8\u05d7\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05e4\u05b6\u05ea\u05b6\u05df \u05d7\u05b5\u05e8\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d0\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d6\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9: \u05d5 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc \u05de\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b0\u05d7\u05bb\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dd: <\/span> 58:2 No, in heart you work unrighteousness; On earth you weigh out the violence of your hands. 58:3 The wicked are estranged from the womb; These who speak lies go astray from birth. 58:4 They have venom like the venom of a serpent; Like a deaf cobra that stops up its ear, 58:5 So that it does not hear the voice of charmers, Or a skillful caster of spells. (NASB)<\/span> David says that he knows the heart of those who serve the idol gods, they work unrighteousness in the heart which manifests itself in violence in one\u2019s hand. David appears to parallel Jacob and <\/span><\/a>Esau, according to the Torah, to the wicked who are estranged from the womb. According to the Torah, Esau was the first born and from the beginning he was red or ruddy, which interestingly is how the Scriptures describe David the son of Jesse when as a young man coming down from the mountain. It seems that being ruddy was an admired feature in the culture of the time since it was a sign of strength and health. This might also be why Isaac loved Esau over his son Jacob. Jacob was born second, and struggling with Esau to come out of the womb, he had his hand on Esau\u2019s foot suggesting that the two brothers would be contentious with one another from the beginning. The point is that Esau was wicked from the beginning. He was unrighteous and sold his birthright for a bowl of soup. David says the wicked, their heart works unrighteousness, and the wicked in their unrighteousness measure out violence in their hearts with their hands. Esau was a hunter, he was a violent man trapping, hunting, and killing animals. (<\/span>Note, I\u2019m not saying that hunting is wrong unless that is what consumes your life<\/span>.) The interesting point of the Psalm is that David says the wicked are estranged from the womb and speak lies from birth. Are the wicked made to be wicked from birth?<\/span><\/p>\n

The Aramaic Targum states, <\/span>\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d9\u05ea\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05e8\u05e9\u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05df \u05de\u05e2\u05df \u05ea\u05e2\u05df \u05de\u05df \u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05e1\u05d0 \u05de\u05de\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9 \u05db\u05d3\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05db\u05d3\u05db\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05c3<\/span> 58:4 The wicked have become strangers from birth; those who utter falsehood have gone astray from the womb. (EMC)<\/span> The Septuagint states, 58:3 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u1f7d\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f75\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u1f75\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bb\u1f71\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c8\u03b5\u1f7b\u03b4\u03b7 <\/span>58:3 Sinners have gone astray from the womb: they go astray from the belly: they speak lies. (LXX)<\/span> Both the Aramaic Targum and the Septuagint agree with the MT on the wicked going astray, the rabbis do not add any additional thoughts on the topic. These Scriptures reveal to us the seriousness of the problem of sin and the unrighteousness of man. We utterly need the Lord\u2019s help to over come sin, to turn from sin and to urn towards the Lord and His ways. In <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 25:4<\/span> David requested for the Lord to <\/span>\u201cMake me know Your ways, O LORD; Teach me Your paths.\u201d (NASB)<\/span> David says in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58:4<\/span>, the wicked speak lies being full of venom and they do not listen which is parallel to the snake that doesn\u2019t listen to the charmer, and this is paralleled to those who do so from birth. These Scriptures describe the nature of man, and the reason for our need to desperately seek the Lord God in heaven, and His Messiah Yeshua, to save us from our sins. We desperately need a Savior, we need the Lord to change our hearts, our minds, our lives for His service and His glory.<\/span><\/p>\n

David understands his need for God\u2019s help and seeks the face of the Lord in counsel and in prayer to deliver him from the unrighteous man who is seeking his life, <\/span>\u05d6 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b2\u05e8\u05b8\u05e1-\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05de\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05b9\u05e5 | \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4: \u05d7 \u05d9\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b2\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc \u05db\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05de\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b0\u05db\u05d5\u05bc-\u05dc\u05b8\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05e8\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5 [\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5] \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05de\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc: \u05d8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc \u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05de\u05b6\u05e1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05e0\u05b5\u05e4\u05b6\u05dc \u05d0\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05dc-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1: <\/span> 58:6 O God, shatter their teeth in their mouth; Break out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord. 58:7 Let them flow away like water that runs off; When he aims his arrows, let them be as headless shafts. 58:8 Let them be as a snail which melts away as it goes along, Like the miscarriages of a woman which never see the sun. (NASB)<\/span> David\u2019s description of how he wants the Lord to help him defeat his enemies is to break the fangs of the lions, to water that is lost by runoff, the arrows of the enemies being harmless, and the actions and lives of the wicked to be like miscarriages of a woman who never sees the sun. Anyone who has had a miscarriage understands the significance of David\u2019s words, <\/span><\/a>miscarriage is an emotionally distressing situation. Miscarriage is a complex grief that leaves one particularly vulnerable and involves a number of other potentially significant losses and additional suffering which is not necessarily present with other types of bereavement, except a stillbirth which is a similar loss occurring after 20 weeks. Not only does one lose her baby, one also suffers from the effects of both a birth and a death. Miscarriage is unique in that there is very little remains to bury, because the baby\u2019s body has not formed properly or it is passed when using the toilet. Notice how this is paralleled to the wicked, the unrighteous, a thing that the Lord will do to those who refuse to be saved in His Messiah. Note also that when a miscarriage occurs, very often there is no identifiable body, thus, the loss is minimized and invalidated by others, which also leads to questions and feelings of grief. In the case of the wicked, nobody will grieve over their death. Their death will go unnoticed, paralleled to one who is passed in the toilet and invalidated, the reason being, they lived for themselves and they died for themselves, which is the very definition of unrighteousness. The Aramaic Targum and the Septuagint state the following:<\/span><\/p>\n

Aramaic Targum<\/span><\/p>\n

T<\/span>oviyah \/ Psalms 58:7-9<\/span><\/p>\n

58:7 O God, smash their teeth in their mouth; and shatter the fangs of the lions\u2019 offspring, O Lord. 58:8 Let them dissolve in their sins; like water, let them flow away; and he draws arrows at them, and they will be cut in pieces. 58:9 Like the crawling snail whose path is disgusting, like the abortion and the mole who are blind and have not seen the sun; (EMC)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d6 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d0 \u05ea\u05e8\u05e2 \u05db\u05db\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e4\u05d5\u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d5\u05db\u05db\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05ea\u05ea\u05e8\u05e2 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4\u05c3 \u05d7 \u05d9\u05ea\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05da \u05de\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d6\u05dc\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05e0\u05d2\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d0\u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05ea\u05d2\u05d6\u05e8\u05d9\u05df\u05c3 \u05d8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05da \u05d6\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc \u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d3\u05d9 \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e1 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05da \u05e0\u05e4\u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d3\u05d9 \u05e1\u05de\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d7\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05de\u05e9\u05d0\u05c3<\/span><\/p>\n

Septuagint<\/span><\/p>\n

Psalmoi \/ Psalms 58:6-8<\/span><\/p>\n

58:6 God has crushed their teeth in their mouth: God has broken the cheek-teeth of the lions. 58:7 They shall utterly pass away like water running through: he shall bend his bow till they shall fail. 58:8 They shall be destroyed as melted wax: the fire has fallen and they have not seen the sun. (LXX)<\/span><\/p>\n

58:6 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f40\u03b4\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f7b\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f73\u03b8\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 58:7 \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f55\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f79\u03be\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd 58:8 \u1f61\u03c3\u03b5\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b7\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f73\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03b5\u1f36\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f25\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/span><\/p>\n

The Aramaic Targum parallels the wicked to the crawling snail whose path is disgusting and slimy, to an abortion, and to a blind mole who cannot see. The description of the unrighteous man who goes about like a lion to destroy; this is very similar to the Peter\u2019s description of Satan, the deceiver, in <\/span>1 Peter 5:8 Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. (NASB)<\/span> In both the MT and the Aramaic Targum, the context of <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58:7<\/span> (<\/span>6<\/span>) has David asking the Lord to do something in a future tense (a <\/span><\/a>future expectation). The Septuagint states that God <\/span>\u201chas crushed\u201d<\/span> their death in their mouth, and then shifts to a future expectation, <\/span>\u201cthey shall utterly pass away like water running through.\u201d<\/span> The rabbis who translated the Septuagint consider the destruction of the enemy as a complete, and as being yet to come. They also parallel the wicked to wax melting where the shape or form of the wicked is destroyed. <\/span><\/p>\n

David goes on to say, <\/span>\u05d9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05b6\u05e8\u05b6\u05dd \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05e1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b9\u05ea\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d8\u05b8\u05d3 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b7\u05d9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc: <\/span> 58:9 Before your pots can feel the fire of thorns He will sweep them away with a whirlwind, the green and the burning alike. (NASB)<\/span> Previously David speaks of the teeth of lions, water runoff, arrows, snails, and miscarrying women, all in relation to the wicked. He then says <\/span>\u201cbefore your pots can feel the fire of thorns…\u201d<\/span> What is the fire of thorns? We also find this statement in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 118:12 They surrounded me like bees; They were extinguished as a fire of thorns; In the name of the LORD I will surely cut them off. (NASB)<\/span> The fire of thorns may be a description of the rapidity with which a fire made of thorns burns. Note how the LXX and the Vulgate provide the translation, <\/span>\u201cthey burnt out like a fire in thorns.\u201d<\/span> This may be a description of the sudden collapse of their rage as it is compared to a fire of thorns which blazes up fiercely and then rapidly dies down. The form of the preceding verses and the following line lead us to expect a climax in the description of their hostility rather than a description of their extinction. In addition to this, there is an additional spiritual meaning of thorns where thorns denote the falsehoods of the human desires. Take for example, in <\/span><\/a>Isaiah 32:13 <\/span>we read, <\/span>\u05d9\u05d2 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc \u05d0\u05b7\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05ea \u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05e5 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05dc\u05b6\u05d4 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc-\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05ea\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9 \u05de\u05b8\u05e9\u05b9\u05d5\u05b9\u05e9\u05b9 \u05e7\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05d6\u05b8\u05d4:<\/span> 32:13 For the land of my people in which thorns and briars shall come up; Yea, for all the joyful houses and for the jubilant city. (NASB)<\/span> Note how <\/span>\u201cland\u201d<\/span> is written as <\/span>\u05d0\u05b7\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05ea<\/span> and not as <\/span>\u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5<\/span> suggesting the land may denote man who is full of falsehoods and evils. Note also in <\/span><\/a>Isaiah 33:11-12<\/span>, we read <\/span>\u05d9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d7\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b5\u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05d5\u05bc \u05e7\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1 \u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05d7\u05b2\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b9\u05d0\u05db\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05b6\u05dd: \u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d4\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5\u05bc \u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e8\u05b0\u05e4\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05e9\u05b4\u05b9\u05d9\u05d3 \u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05e6\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05d7\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc:<\/span> 33:11 Ye conceive chaff, ye bear stubble, Your spirit! — fire devoureth you. 33:12 And peoples have been [as] burnings of lime, Thorns, as sweepings, with fire they burn. (YLT)<\/span> Here in <\/span>Isaiah 33<\/span>, thorns denote falsehoods which consume truth and righteousness and Isaiah describes this as consuming chaff and stubble which is burned as thorns are burned. This suggests by consuming falsehoods one is causing truth and life to be removed. The text also suggests that the wicked are worthless and their destruction shall be sudden and complete. The pot may be a reference to what the righteous are preparing for food (life) and the wicked who are set on taking our lives. David says the Lord will sweep them away, both the green and the burning alike. The translators of the NASB seem to use a little poetic license in this verse since the words <\/span>\u201cwhirlwind, green, and burning alike\u201d<\/span> are not in <\/span><\/a>Ginsburg\u2019s MT. The point however is clear, the unrighteous, the wicked will perish and the Lord will be the one who does this for His people.<\/span><\/p>\n

David concludes his psalm saying, <\/span>\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u05d7 \u05e6\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d7\u05b8\u05d6\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05b8\u05e7\u05b8\u05dd \u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05de\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d7\u05b7\u05e5 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b7\u05dd \u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e2: \u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d9\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0-\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b7\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0 \u05d9\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1-\u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05c1\u05b9\u05e4\u05b0\u05d8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5:<\/span> 58:10 The righteous will rejoice when he sees the vengeance; He will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked. 58:11 And men will say, \u2018Surely there is a reward for the righteous; Surely there is a God who judges on earth!\u2019 (NASB)<\/span> In this Psalm we read of the vengeance of God upon the enemies of His people. David says that the righteous will rejoice when he sees the vindication of God\u2019s honor, exemplified by the deliverance the Lord has provided. The arrogance, power, prosperity, and success of the wicked, are often a discouragement to the righteous. However, when the righteous see the judgments of God taking away the wicked, and the Lord\u2019s vengeance on them, the righteous will rejoice in the satisfaction that is found in their faith in God\u2019s providence, and in his justice, mercy, and righteousness. David makes a troubling statement saying <\/span>\u201cHe shall wash his feet in the blood of the wicked,\u201d<\/span> which suggests there will be so great a slaughter of his enemies, that looking over the slain his feet will be washed in the blood of the dead. The allusion is to a great slaughter of the unrighteous, those who seek to destroy God\u2019s people will in fact themselves be destroyed. The blood and the slaughter of the wicked reminds us of the Apostle John\u2019s words in the book of <\/span>Revelation 14<\/span> which says the following. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Revelation 14:18-20<\/span><\/p>\n

14:18 Then another angel, the one who has power over fire, came out from the altar; and he called with a loud voice to him who had the sharp sickle, saying, \u2018Put in your sharp sickle and gather the clusters from the vine of the earth, because her grapes are ripe.\u2019 14:19 So the angel swung his sickle to the earth and gathered the clusters from the vine of the earth, and threw them into the great wine press of the wrath of God. 14:20 And the wine press was trodden outside the city, and blood came out from the wine press, up to the horses\u2019 bridles, for a distance of two hundred miles. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

Here again we find the future expectation of the victory of the Lord over the wicked. The book of Revelation tells us that in Yeshua the Messiah we have victory. Like the rendering of the Septuagint in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58:6<\/span>, the Lord has crushed their teeth (past tense), he has bruised the <\/span><\/a>head of the serpent, and we wait on a future expectation of deliverance in this world and in the world to come. These Scriptures assure us that we serve a great God who is able to overcome anything. In addition to this, David\u2019s words speak to us that we are to be patient, to wait upon the Lord for His victory and His deliverance, to remain strong in our faith in Yeshua the Messiah the Lord\u2019s Savior and King, and to not waver in our faith due to the unrighteousness of this world. Let\u2019s pray asking the Lord to strengthen our faith and to help us to endure troubling times when they come!<\/span><\/p>\n

Rabbinic Commentary<\/span><\/p>\n

The Rabbinic Commentary (Midrash) on <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 58 <\/span>has 4 parts. Reading through the Midrash we will be looking at Part 1, 2, 3, and 4. Let\u2019s begin by outlining <\/span>Midrash Tehillim Chapter 58, Part 1, 2, 3, and 4.<\/span><\/p>\n

Outline of Midrash Tehillim \/ Psalms, Chapter 58, Part 1, 2, 3, and 4.<\/span><\/p>\n

Part 1<\/span><\/p>\n