{"id":2473,"date":"2013-08-14T21:29:58","date_gmt":"2013-08-14T21:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.matsati.com\/?p=2473"},"modified":"2018-09-23T19:06:42","modified_gmt":"2018-09-23T19:06:42","slug":"tehillim-psalms-23-part-2-thy-rod-and-thy-staff-a-sign-of-your-great-covenant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.matsati.com\/index.php\/tehillim-psalms-23-part-2-thy-rod-and-thy-staff-a-sign-of-your-great-covenant\/","title":{"rendered":"Tehillim \/ Psalms 23, Part 2, Thy Rod and Thy Staff, a Sign of Your Great Covenant!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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This week\u2019s study is from <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:1-6,<\/span> and is one of the most well known Psalms that David composed with regard to his relationship with the Lord God Almighty. The Psalm is introduced saying <\/span>\u05d0 \u05de\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e8\u05b9\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8:<\/span> 23:1 A Psalm of David. The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. (NASB)<\/span> How does the Lord who <\/span>\u201cShepherds\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05e8\u05b9\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9<\/span>) David cause him not to have want or need for anything? David says that the Lord causes him to lie down in green pastures (<\/span>\u05d1 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d3\u05bc\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e6\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc-\u05de\u05b5\u05d9 \u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05bb\u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d9\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9:<\/span>, <\/span>23:2 He makes me lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside quiet waters. NASB<\/span>) and to lay beside quiet waters. The Scriptures state <\/span>\u05d2 \u05e0\u05b7\u05e4\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05d1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05d2\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b5\u05d9-\u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b7\u05df \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9:<\/span> 23:3 He restores my soul; He guides me in the paths of righteousness For His name\u2019s sake. (NASB)<\/span> the Lord restores our soul and guides us in righteousness all for the reason of His Name. How are these connected, the restoration of the soul, the righteous way\/path of the Lord, and the Name of the Lord God Almighty? David states that <\/span>\u05d3 \u05d2\u05bc\u05b7\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b5\u05da\u05b0 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d2\u05b5\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e6\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b8\u05d5\u05b6\u05ea \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0 \u05e8\u05b8\u05e2 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8 \u05d4\u05b5\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05bb\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9:<\/span> 23:4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil, for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me. (NASB)<\/span> He says that no matter where we go, the Lord is with us and we are not to fear. How does the rod and staff of God comfort us? David says <\/span>\u05d4 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e8\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e4\u05b8\u05e0\u05b7\u05d9 | \u05e9\u05c1\u05bb\u05dc\u05b0\u05d7\u05b8\u05df \u05e0\u05b6\u05d2\u05b6\u05d3 \u05e6\u05b9\u05e8\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d9 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05e9\u05bc\u05c1\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8 \u05d1\u05b7\u05e9\u05bc\u05c1\u05b6\u05de\u05b6\u05df \u05e8\u05b9\u05d0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9 \u05db\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05e1\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e8\u05b0\u05d5\u05b8\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4: <\/span> 23:5 You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies; You have anointed my head with oil; My cup overflows. (NASB)<\/span> The Lord prepares a table before his enemies, this is significant since when being pursued by our enemies one does not desire food to eat. As a result of the Lord being with David, he says <\/span> \u05d5 \u05d0\u05b7\u05da\u05b0 \u05d8\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d7\u05b6\u05e1\u05b6\u05d3 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d3\u05bc\u05b0\u05e4\u05d5\u05bc\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d9\u05b0\u05de\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d7\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u05d9 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05d1\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05b5\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b9\u05e8\u05b6\u05da\u05b0 \u05d9\u05b8\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd:<\/span>23:6 Surely goodness and lovingkindness will follow me all the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea Hebrew \u05d0\u05e8\u05de\u05d9 Aramaic \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 Greek<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n
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\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05db\u05d2<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u05e1\u05dd\u05e8 \u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05db\u05d2<\/span><\/p>\n

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YALMOI<\/span> 23<\/span><\/p>\n

23:1 \u03c8\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c5\u03b9\u03b4 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f51\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 23:2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03bb\u03cc\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03ad\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 23:3 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f61\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03ad\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 23:4 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u1ff6 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u1f7a \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4’ \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f36 \u1f21 \u1fe5\u03ac\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd 23:5 \u1f21\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f10\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bb\u03af\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u1f61\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 23:6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Tehillim \/ Psalms 23<\/span><\/p>\n

A Psalm of David. 23:1 The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. 23:2 He makes me lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside quiet waters. 23:3 He restores my soul; He guides me in the paths of righteousness For His name\u2019s sake. 23:4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil, for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me. 23:5 You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies; You have anointed my head with oil; My cup overflows. 23:6 Surely goodness and lovingkindness will follow me all the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Toviyah \/ Psalms Chapter 23<\/span><\/p>\n

23:1 A psalm of David. It is the Lord who fed his people in the wilderness; they did not lack anything. 23:2 In a place of thirst he will settle me in pleasant grass; he led me to the waters of rest. 23:3 He will restore my soul with manna; he led me in the paths of righteousness for the sake of his name. 23:4 Indeed, when I go into exile by the plain of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil; for your word is my help, your straight staff and your Torah, they will comfort me. 23:5 You have set before me a high table of manna in front of my oppressors; you have fattened my body with stuffed fowl, and with anointing oil [you have fattened] the heads of my priests; my goblet is wide. 23:6 Indeed grace and favor will follow me all the days of my life, while I sit in the sanctuary of the Lord for length of days. (EMC)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalmoi \/ Psalms 23<\/span><\/p>\n

A Psalm of David. 23:1 The Lord tends me as a shepherd, and I shall want nothing. 23:2 In a place of green grass, there he has made me dwell: he has nourished me by the water of rest. 23:3 He has restored my soul: he has guided me into the paths of righteousness, for his name\u2019s sake. 23:4 Yea, even if I should walk in the midst of the shadow of death, I will not be afraid of evils: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff, these have comforted me. 23:5 Thou has prepared a table before me in presence of them that afflict me: thou hast thoroughly anointed my head with oil; and thy cup cheers me like the best wine. 23:6 Thy mercy also shall follow me all the days of my life: and my dwelling shall be in the house of the Lord for a very long time. (LXX)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:1-6,<\/span> and is one of the most well known Psalms that David composed with regard to his relationship with the Lord God Almighty. We do not know when David wrote <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23<\/span>. Perhaps it was when he fled his son Absalom when Absalom tried to usurp David as king of Israel? When David fled from Absalom, he run to the Jordan River at the ford known as Jabbok and entered the land known as Gilead. In Gilead, David met a man named Barzillai the Gileadite of Rogelim, he was 80 years old at the time of Absalom\u2019s revolt. Barzillai was distinguished for his loyalty for David and He provided for the king\u2019s followers (<\/span>2 Samuel 17:27<\/span>). David remembered his kindness on his death bed and commended Barzillai\u2019s children to the care of Solomon (<\/span>1 Kings 2:7<\/span>). According to the Scriptures, Barzillai was a shepherd. It may be at this time that David composed this Psalm saying <\/span>\u05d0 \u05de\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e8\u05b9\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8:<\/span> 23:1 A Psalm of David. The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. (NASB)<\/span> The word David uses here <\/span>\u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8<\/span> in the first person singular from the root <\/span>\u05d7\u05e1\u05e8<\/span> meaning when used as an adjective <\/span>\u201cabsent, missing; lacking, incomplete, minus, wanting, deficient, devoid, short\u201d<\/span> and as a verb <\/span>\u201cto subtract; give less; deprive; miss.\u201d<\/span> David says that because God is His Shepherd, nothing is lacking, missing, or deficient, he has not been deprived of anything. How does the Lord who <\/span>\u201cShepherds\u201d <\/span>(<\/span>\u05e8\u05b9\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9<\/span>) David cause him not to have want or need for anything? According to the rabbis in the Aramaic Targum, we read <\/span>\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d5\u05e9\u05d1\u05d7\u05ea\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 \u05d3\u05d6\u05df \u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d7\u05e1\u05e8\u05d5 \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05c3<\/span> 23:1 A psalm of David. It is the Lord who fed his people in the wilderness; they did not lack anything. (EMC)<\/span> The rabbis say that David was thinking of the people in the wilderness having a lack of nothing because the Lord provided all they needed, when he composed this Psalm. What kinds of needs were met for the Children of Israel in the wilderness according to the Torah? According to <\/span><\/a>Parashat Beshlach, <\/span><\/a>Shemot \/ Exodus 14:13,<\/span> Moshe said <\/span>\u05d9\u05d2 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b6\u05e8 \u05de\u05b9\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc-\u05d4\u05b8\u05e2\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b7\u05dc-\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d4\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d9\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05d5\u05bc \u05d5\u05bc\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b7\u05ea \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8-\u05d9\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e9\u05b6\u05b9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b8\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d4\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05ea\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05de\u05b4\u05e6\u05b0\u05e8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd \u05d4\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05b9\u05e1\u05b4\u05e4\u05d5\u05bc \u05dc\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u05dd \u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05d3 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3-\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05dd:<\/span> 14:13 But Moses said to the people, \u2018Do not fear! Stand by and see the salvation of the Lord which He will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians whom you have seen today, you will never see them again forever. (NASB)<\/span> The Lord God Almighty was in the process of delivering Israel from bondage in Egypt and according to the Torah He would go on to sustain a vast number of people in a desolate and dangerous desert. During their forty year wilderness journey, the Children of Israel were rarely in an oasis of comfort; however, during all those years in the Desert, God provided for His children and protected them. According to Parashat Ki Tavo, we read in <\/span><\/a>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 29:4-6,<\/span> \u05d3 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b5\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05b0\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e0\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d1\u05b8\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05b7\u05b9\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b9\u05ea\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05de\u05b5\u05e2\u05b2\u05dc\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd \u05d5\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d1\u05b8\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05b8\u05d4 \u05de\u05b5\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc \u05e8\u05b7\u05d2\u05b0\u05dc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8: \u05d4 \u05dc\u05b6\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b2\u05db\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05dd \u05d5\u05b0\u05d9\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05df \u05d5\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05db\u05b8\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05ea\u05b4\u05d9\u05ea\u05b6\u05dd \u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b7\u05df \u05ea\u05bc\u05b5\u05d3\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b6\u05dd: [\u05de\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05e8] \u05d5 \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b9\u05d0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc-\u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b7\u05d6\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b5\u05e6\u05b5\u05d0 \u05e1\u05b4\u05d9\u05d7\u05b9\u05df \u05de\u05b6\u05dc\u05b6\u05da\u05b0-\u05d7\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d5\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05d2 \u05de\u05b6\u05dc\u05b6\u05da\u05b0-\u05d4\u05b7\u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05df \u05dc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05ea\u05b5\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05dc\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05dc\u05b0\u05d7\u05b8\u05de\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b7\u05db\u05bc\u05b5\u05dd:<\/span> 29:5 \u2018I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes have not worn out on you, and your sandal has not worn out on your foot. 29:6 \u2018You have not eaten bread, nor have you drunk wine or strong drink, in order that you might know that I am the Lord your God. 29:7 \u2018When you reached this place, Sihon the king of Heshbon and Og the king of Bashan came out to meet us for battle, but we defeated them; (NASB)<\/span> Like David the children of Israel were <\/span>\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8<\/span> (lo echsar) the Lord <\/span>God Almighty was their Shepherd, and they were not lacking, missing, deficient, or deprived of anything. According to the Torah, the following list can be made regarding the provisions God made for Israel so that they were <\/span>\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8<\/span> (lo echsar) <\/span>\u201cwithout need.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Nobody needed a doctor if they obeyed the Lord (<\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 7:15<\/span>)<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Nobody needed shoes (<\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 29:4-6<\/span>)<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Nobody needed new clothing (<\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 8:4, 29:4-6<\/span>)<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Nobody ate bread and they lived well (<\/span>Shemot \/ Exodus 16:15,<\/span> Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 29:6<\/span>)<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Nobody had wine or beer but they did not lack for something to drink (<\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 29:6<\/span>).<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Nobody doubted the love and care of God who protected them during their wilderness journey.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Nobody understood what God was doing until they had a changed heart. The purpose of the wilderness journey was to weed out the unfaithful and to train the children of God in His Torah so they would know that He is God (<\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 29:6<\/span>). <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    It is interesting to note that the key to the children of Israel being free from disease is found in Parashat Ekev, <\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 7:16<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/a>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 7:14-16<\/span><\/p>\n

    7:14 \u2018You shall be blessed above all peoples; there will be no male or female barren among you or among your cattle. 7:15 \u2018The Lord will remove from you all sickness; and He will not put on you any of the harmful diseases of Egypt which you have known, but He will lay them on all who hate you. 7:16 \u2018You shall consume all the peoples whom the Lord your God will deliver to you; your eye shall not pity them, nor shall you serve their gods, for that would be a snare to you. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05da\u05b0 \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d4\u05b0\u05d9\u05b6\u05d4 \u05de\u05b4\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d4\u05b8\u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d9\u05b4\u05d4\u05b0\u05d9\u05b6\u05d4 \u05d1\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05e2\u05b8\u05e7\u05b8\u05e8 \u05d5\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e7\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d4\u05b6\u05de\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8: \u05d8\u05d5 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d4\u05b5\u05e1\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05de\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d7\u05b9\u05dc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d5\u05b0\u05db\u05b8\u05dc-\u05de\u05b7\u05d3\u05b0\u05d5\u05b5\u05d9 \u05de\u05b4\u05e6\u05b0\u05e8\u05b7\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd \u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b8\u05d3\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05b4\u05b9\u05d9\u05de\u05b8\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05da\u05b0 \u05d5\u05bc\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05b8\u05e0\u05b8\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05db\u05b8\u05dc-\u05e9\u05b9\u05e0\u05b0\u05d0\u05b6\u05d9\u05da\u05b8: \u05d8\u05d6 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05db\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d4\u05b8\u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b6\u05d9\u05da\u05b8 \u05e0\u05b9\u05ea\u05b5\u05df \u05dc\u05b8\u05da\u05b0 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05ea\u05b8\u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05e1 \u05e2\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05e2\u05b2\u05dc\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05d1\u05b9\u05d3 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05de\u05d5\u05b9\u05e7\u05b5\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b8\u05da\u05b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

    And according to the Apostolic Writings, the Apostle Paul said in <\/span>1 Corinthians 10:1-12<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/a>1 Corinthians 10:1-12<\/span><\/p>\n

    10:1 For I do not want you to be unaware, brethren, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea; 10:2 and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 10:3 and all ate the same spiritual food; 10:4 and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock which followed them; and the rock was Christ. 10:5 Nevertheless, with most of them God was not well-pleased; for they were laid low in the wilderness. 10:6 Now these things happened as examples for us, so that we would not crave evil things as they also craved. 10:7 Do not be idolaters, as some of them were; as it is written, \u2018The people sat down to eat and drink, and stood up to play.\u2019 10:8 Nor let us act immorally, as some of them did, and twenty-three thousand fell in one day. 10:9 Nor let us try the Lord, as some of them did, and were destroyed by the serpents. 10:10 Nor grumble, as some of them did, and were destroyed by the destroyer. 10:11 Now these things happened to them as an example, and they were written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have come. 10:12 Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed that he does not fall. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

    1<\/span>\u039f\u1f50 \u03b8\u1f73\u03bb\u03c9 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u1f77, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f73\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u1f73\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u1f26\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd, <\/span>2<\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u039c\u03c9\u03cb\u03c3\u1fc6\u03bd \u1f10\u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f77\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u1f73\u03bb\u1fc3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03c3\u1fc3, <\/span>3<\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd, <\/span>4<\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f14\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u1f79\u03bc\u03b1: \u1f14\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2: \u1f21 \u03c0\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f26\u03bd \u1f41 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2. <\/span>5<\/span>\u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u2019 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u1f77\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f50\u03b4\u1f79\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f79\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u1f7d\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03c1\u1f75\u03bc\u1ff3. <\/span>6<\/span>\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f7b\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u1f75\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03c2 \u03ba\u1f00\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u1f7b\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd. <\/span>7<\/span>\u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bb\u1f71\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u1f77\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7d\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd: \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b3\u1f73\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f18\u03ba\u1f71\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03b1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u1f73\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u1f77\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd. <\/span>8<\/span>\u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u1f7b\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7d\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f79\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f14\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb7 \u1f21\u03bc\u1f73\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03b5\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u1f71\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2. <\/span>9<\/span>\u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f71\u03b6\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7d\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u1f77\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f44\u03c6\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f7d\u03bb\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf. <\/span>10<\/span>\u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03b3\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u1f7b\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f71\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1f72\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u1f79\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f7d\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f40\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6. <\/span>11<\/span>\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f73\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1f77\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u1f10\u03b3\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03b7 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f53\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f73\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f30\u1f7d\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd. <\/span>12<\/span>\u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f41 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u1f71\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u1f73\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u1f73\u03c3\u1fc3.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Paul continues in <\/span>1 Corinthians 11:29-31<\/span> saying <\/span>11:29 For he who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment to himself if he does not judge the body rightly. 11:30 For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number sleep. 11:31 But if we judged ourselves rightly, we would not be judged. (NASB)<\/span> (<\/span>29<\/span>\u1f41 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03c3\u03b8\u1f77\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c3\u03b8\u1f77\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1f77\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1. <\/span>30<\/span>\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f10\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f31\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77. <\/span>31<\/span>\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u1f77\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f02\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1:) In the context of the Lord\u2019s table and commemorating the sacrifice of the Messiah, his body and blood (<\/span>unleavened bread and wine<\/span>) the people involved at that time appear to not be judging themselves and their actions. As a result of this Paul says many are weak, sick, and are dead (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f10\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f31\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77). In the Torah (<\/span><\/a>Parashat Ekev), the people were to <\/span>\u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05db\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d4\u05b8\u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span> \u201cconsume all the people\u201d<\/span> the Lord is giving into their hands (<\/span>7:16 \u2018You shall consume all the peoples whom the Lord your God will deliver to you; your eye shall not pity them, nor shall you serve their gods, for that would be a snare to you. NASB<\/span>) and the reason was so they do not desire, crave, covet, or lust after evil and carnal things. This is the example that Paul speaks of in <\/span>1 Corinthians 10:1-12 <\/span>saying<\/span> \u201cthese are given as examples so that we do not sin.\u201d<\/span> We are not to crave, covet or lust after the things of this world. It is interesting how much we can get out of the very first verse of <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23<\/span> on what David is saying <\/span>\u05d0 \u05de\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b9\u05d5\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e8\u05b9\u05e2\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8:<\/span> 23:1 A Psalm of David. The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. (NASB)<\/span> David did not have need, want, or desire for anything (<\/span>\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b0\u05e1\u05b8\u05e8<\/span>); he was not lacking, missing, or deficient, he has not been deprived of anything because he has kept the way of the Lord. According to David in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 19<\/span>, the <\/span><\/a>Torah of the Lord is perfect, restores the soul, the Torah is the testimony of the Lord, and it is given to make one wise, the ordinances of the Lord are right and the commandment enlightens the eyes. In the study on <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 19:5-7,<\/span> a parallel is drawn between <\/span>\u201clight\u201d<\/span> and <\/span>\u201cspeech.\u201d<\/span> The difference between light and darkness can be understood as a parallel between the knowledge of good and evil. In the light one is able to judge how others are walking and to choose the right path to walk in. Darkness is used to hide ones evil ways, to walk in wickedness without others observing what you are doing. Light has also been used to illustrate the choice of whether to follow the commandments of God, and hope for His eternal rewards, and darkness to follow the enticings of the evil one which persuade man to do evil and become captive and damned to hell in eternal darkness. David walked in the light of God\u2019s holiness and applied the Torah to his life to keep and observe the statutes of the Lord. As a result of this the Lord shepherds him and gives him provisions so that he is not in want or need of anything.<\/span><\/p>\n

    As a result of David\u2019s remaining obedient to the Lord, He says that the Lord causes him to lie down in green pastures (<\/span>\u05d1 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d3\u05bc\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05e6\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc-\u05de\u05b5\u05d9 \u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05bb\u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d9\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9:<\/span>, <\/span>23:2 He makes me lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside quiet waters. NASB<\/span>) and to lay beside quiet waters. David also says <\/span>\u05d2 \u05e0\u05b7\u05e4\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05d1 \u05d9\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05d7\u05b5\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05d2\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05b5\u05d9-\u05e6\u05b6\u05d3\u05b6\u05e7 \u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b7\u05df \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05d5\u05b9:<\/span> 23:3 He restores my soul; He guides me in the paths of righteousness For His name\u2019s sake. (NASB)<\/span> It is interesting here on the choice of words that are being used in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:2<\/span>. The Hebrew text states <\/span>\u05e0\u05b7\u05e4\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05b9\u05d1\u05b5\u05d1<\/span> (nafshi yeshovev) meaning the Lord <\/span>\u201ccauses gladness and joy to my soul.\u201d<\/span> NASB translates the \u201cHe restores my soul.\u201d The Aramaic Targum states <\/span>\u05d2 \u05e0\u05e4\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d1\u05de\u05e0\u05d0 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05d0 \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9 \u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc \u05d2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05c3<\/span> 23:3 He will restore my soul with manna; he led me in the paths of righteousness for the sake of his name. (EMC) <\/span>The rabbis say the Lord restores David\u2019s soul with manna. The Septuagint says \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f61\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03ad\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 <\/span>23:3 He has restored my soul: he has guided me into the paths of righteousness, for his name\u2019s sake. (LXX)<\/span> The Literal Greek states <\/span>\u201cmy life He returned\u201d<\/span> (\u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd) and <\/span>\u201cHe guided me (\u1f61\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03ad\u03bd) upon roads (\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) of righteousness (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2) because of His name.\u201d<\/span> The rabbis of the LXX translate that God has restored or returned David\u2019s life to him and in the Aramaic Targum it was the bread from heaven that restores the soul. According to <\/span><\/a>Parashat Ekev, Moshe taught the people saying that man does not live by bread alone but on <\/span>\u201call that goes out\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05e2\u05dc-\u05db\u05dc-\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0<\/span>) or proceeds from the mouth of the Lord. The rabbis pick up on Moshe\u2019s words that our life depends upon God\u2019s Word. According to the Torah, bread was generally made from wheat (<\/span>Shemot \/ Exodus 29:2 and Judges 6:19<\/span>), though sometimes bread was made from other grains too (<\/span>Bereshit \/ Genesis 14:18 and Judges 7:13<\/span>). Unleavened bread was used for Passover (<\/span>Shemot \/ Exodus 12:15-20, Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 16:3<\/span>), the bread of the presence was provided fresh every Shabbat and were to be eaten in the Tabernacle by the Priests (<\/span>Shemot \/ Exodus 25:30, Vayikra \/ Leviticus 24:8, 1 Samuel 21:1-6, and Matthew 12:4<\/span>). The word <\/span>\u201cbread\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05dc\u05d7\u05dd<\/span>) is also used figuratively in the Tanakh as the bread of sorrows in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 127:2<\/span>, the bread of tears in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 80:5<\/span>, the bread of wickedness in <\/span>Mishley \/ Proverbs 4:17<\/span>, and the bread of deceit in <\/span>Mishley \/ Proverbs 20:17<\/span>. The Psalms and Proverbs suggest to us that bread is used to illustrate the works of the flesh. This is how and why Yeshua used unleavened bread symbolically to refer to his body. In Parashat Ekev and in <\/span><\/a>Parashat Beshalach Lecha (<\/span>Shemot \/ Exodus 16<\/span>) Manna is introduced as bread that God has given to the people from Heaven. On seeing the manna on the ground each man said to his brother in Hebrew \u201cMa Hu\u201d (<\/span>\u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc-\u05d0\u05b8\u05d7\u05b4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05de\u05b8\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b0\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc<\/span>) which means <\/span>\u201cWhat\/who is He.\u201d<\/span> The pronoun <\/span>\u201chu\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span>) may be used in the Hebrew language to refer to a person, place, or thing. The personal pronoun may also refer to a plurality (<\/span>of Israel<\/span>) according its usage in <\/span><\/a>Parashat Balak (see <\/span>Bamidbar \/ Numbers 22:12<\/span>, <\/span>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b9\u05d0\u05de\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc-\u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05dd \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05b5\u05dc\u05b5\u05da\u05b0 \u05e2\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05b8\u05d0\u05b9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea-\u05d4\u05b8\u05e2\u05b8\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05da\u05b0 \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span>). If the word <\/span>\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span> is used in the neuter gender, the word has the meaning <\/span>\u201cit.\u201d<\/span> When the people said <\/span>\u201cMa Hu\u201d<\/span> they were asking the question <\/span>\u201cWhat is It?\u201d<\/span> In Modern Hebrew one would say <\/span>\u201cMa Zeh?\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05de\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d4<\/span>) meaning <\/span>\u201cWhat is that?\u201d<\/span> It is interesting to note how the Hebrew Text specifically states <\/span>\u05de\u05b8\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span> (Man Hu) using the masculine pronoun. The Aramaic Targum according to Onkelos states that the people were uncertain (\u05d5\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05d6\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc \u05d5\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05de\u05b8\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc \u05d2\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05b7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05d7\u05d5\u05bc\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9 \u05de\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc \u05de\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05de\u05b7\u05e8 \u05de\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05d4\u05b7\u05d1 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b5\u05d9\u05db\u05b7\u05dc) indicated by the Aramaic word \u05d0\u05b2\u05e8\u05b5\u05d9 meaning to be uncertain in the sense of seeing like in a vision according to Brown, Driver, and Briggs Lexicon. Studying the Apostolic Writings, in <\/span>John 6:31-32<\/span>, Yeshua the Messiah uses the people\u2019s statement <\/span>\u201cMan Hu\u201d<\/span> (<\/span>\u05de\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span>) in a midrashic sense to indicate what the people did not know then, he is explaining to them now. He (<\/span>\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d0<\/span>) is the one these scriptures are referring too. The true bread that comes from heaven is the Word of the Living God (<\/span>John 6:31-32<\/span>) and affirms what is written in the Torah of Him in <\/span>Devarim \/ Deuteronomy 8:1-3<\/span>. The interesting concept found here in the Scriptures is how the rabbis translate <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:3<\/span> in the Aramaic Targum <\/span>\u05d2 \u05e0\u05e4\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d1\u05de\u05e0\u05d0 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05d0 \u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9 \u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc \u05d2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05c3<\/span> 23:3 He will restore my soul with manna; he led me in the paths of righteousness for the sake of his name. (EMC) <\/span>The rabbis say David\u2019s belief is in the Lord who restores his soul will do so giving him manna (<\/span>\u05de\u05e0\u05d0<\/span>). The very next thought is that the Lord will guide (MSS, LXX) or lead (EMC), David in paths of righteousness. This is achieved in the Word of God, according to the Torah. The rabbis have made the connection between Manna and the Word of the Lord. This is the same connection that Yeshua has made in <\/span>John 6:31-32<\/span>, man does not live by bread alone but by the Word of God, and Yeshua the living Word (<\/span>John 1:1-14<\/span>), we cannot live without Him in our lives. The Scriptures (David) say the Lord restores our souls and guides us in righteousness all for the reason of His Name. It is because of His name sake that He restores our souls in His Word, in and according to His righteous ways, and in His Son Yeshua the living Word. <\/span><\/p>\n

    David states that <\/span>\u05d3 \u05d2\u05bc\u05b7\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b5\u05da\u05b0 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d2\u05b5\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e6\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b8\u05d5\u05b6\u05ea \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0 \u05e8\u05b8\u05e2 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8 \u05d4\u05b5\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05bb\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9:<\/span> 23:4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil, for You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me. (NASB)<\/span> He says that no matter where we go, the Lord is with us and we are not to fear. How does the rod and staff of God comfort us? Interestingly two words are used here in the Psalm. The word <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8<\/span> from the root <\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span> meaning as a noun <\/span>\u201crod, stick, or tribe, clan,\u201d<\/span> and the word <\/span>\u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> from the root <\/span>\u05e9\u05e2\u05df<\/span> meaning as a verb <\/span>\u201cto lean\u201d<\/span> and as a noun <\/span>\u201cto support, rest, prop; assistance, welfare.\u201d<\/span> Researching the use of these words, it is interesting according to the Masoretic Text, when Moshe refers to a <\/span>\u201cstaff or rod,\u201d<\/span> he uses the word <\/span>\u05de\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4<\/span>, whereas when he refers to <\/span>\u201ctribe\u201d<\/span> in the Torah he uses the word <\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>. So, what is David trying to say here in <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:4<\/span> using the words <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> (shivtecha umishantecha)? Thinking on the meaning of a shepherds staff throughout the Scriptures, we think of protection against our enemies, to discipline, to guide, and to rescue. In addition to this, a royal scepter was also known as a rod and a rod is frequently mentioned as a weapon. The staff or rod was also symbolic of authority, as for example the scepter that stands between the king\u2019s feet. Was this the imagery that David is trying to portray using the words <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> (shivtecha umishantecha)? David begins this verse saying <\/span>\u05d2\u05bc\u05b7\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b5\u05da\u05b0 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d2\u05b5\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e6\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b8\u05d5\u05b6\u05ea \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0 \u05e8\u05b8\u05e2 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d0\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05b4\u05d9<\/span> \u201cEven though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil, for You are with me\u201d<\/span> the Lord is with David and this is only made possible within the covenant relationship David has with the Lord. David uses the word <\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span> which has the meaning <\/span>\u201ctribe or clan,\u201d<\/span> by reason that a person who is among the tribes of Israel is living in the covenant relationship with God. Whether one is native born or a ger (stranger) living in the midst of the people. For example, the man who belongs to a tribe is living according to the Torah, honoring their parents and living with love honor and respect for others, and honoring the Lord God Almighty. In addition to this, paying particular attention to the NASB translation, the translators translated <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> (shivtecha umishantecha) as \u201c<\/span>Your rod and Your staff;<\/span>\u201d the words <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> are not so much expressive of the <\/span>\u201crod and staff\u201d<\/span> imagery as much as it is expressing emphasis upon the Covenant of God with His people, the tribes of Israel, and the one upon whom we are to lean (<\/span>i.e. <\/span>\u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b6\u05da\u05b8<\/span> from the root <\/span>\u05e9\u05e2\u05df<\/span> meaning <\/span>\u201cverb: to lean\u201d<\/span>). Being in the covenant relationship with the Lord, we are comforted in His presence. This leads to our understanding that He cares for us, protects us, guides us in His word (<\/span>by His staff<\/span>), etc. He is Lord and King over our community, relationships, lives, and all that we are. It is interesting to read, based on this understanding, how the rabbis interpret this verse. <\/span>The Aramaic Targum states <\/span>\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e8\u05dd \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3 \u05db\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d6\u05dc \u05d1\u05d2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d8\u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d3\u05d7\u05dc \u05de\u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05ea\u05d0 \u05de\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc \u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05de\u05e8\u05da \u05d1\u05e1\u05e2\u05d3\u05d9 \u05ea\u05d9\u05d2\u05d3\u05d0\u05da \u05ea\u05e8\u05d9\u05e6\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\u05da \u05d4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05e0\u05d7\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05e0\u05d9\u05c3<\/span> 23:4 Indeed, when I go into exile by the plain of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil; for your word is my help, your straight staff and your Torah, they will comfort me. (EMC)<\/span> The rabbis translate <\/span>Tehillim \/ Psalms 23:4<\/span> to say <\/span>\u201cyour straight staff and your Torah, they will comfort me.\u201d<\/span> They have come to the same conclusion that David is speaking within the context of the covenant relationship, that we have no fear and the Lord will guide us with his <\/span>\u201cstraight staff\u201d<\/span> in His ways according to the Torah. The rabbis of the Septuagint say 23:4 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u1ff6 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u1f7a \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u2019 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f36 \u1f21 \u1fe5\u03ac\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd <\/span>23:4 Yea, even if I should walk in the midst of the shadow of death, I will not be afraid of evils: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff, these have comforted me. (LXX)<\/span> This follows very close to the NASB translation and suggests that the NASB translators may have made use of the LXX in their translation of the Masoretic Text into English. <\/span><\/p>\n

    The word <\/span>\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b0\u05da\u05b8<\/span> from the root <\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span> is most often translated as tribe in the Torah rather than<\/span> \u201cstaff or rod.\u201d<\/span> So the task is trying to understand how a staff is related to a tribe? The word <\/span>\u05de\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4<\/span> (matteh) as a masculine noun has the meaning <\/span>\u201cbranch\u201d<\/span> and similarly, so does the word Shevat (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>). Looking at the Torah text, the word Shevat (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>) is found in Parashat Vayechi in <\/span><\/a>Bereshit \/ Genesis 49:10, 16, and 28<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u05d9 \u05dc\u05b9\u05d0-\u05d9\u05b8\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05e8 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05d1\u05b6\u05d8 \u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b0\u05d7\u05b9\u05e7\u05b5\u05e7 \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05df \u05e8\u05b7\u05d2\u05b0\u05dc\u05b8\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9-\u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05b9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05dc\u05b9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e7\u05bc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05ea \u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd:<\/span><\/p>\n

    49:10 \u2018The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor the ruler\u2019s staff from between his feet, Until Shiloh comes, And to him shall be the obedience of the peoples. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u05d8\u05d6 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05df \u05d9\u05b8\u05d3\u05b4\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05d7\u05b7\u05d3 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc:<\/span><\/p>\n

    49:16 \u2018Dan shall judge his people, As one of the tribes of Israel. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u05db\u05d7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc-\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e9\u05b0\u05b9\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05dc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05b8\u05e9\u05b8\u05b9\u05e8 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d6\u05b9\u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8-\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b8\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd \u05d0\u05b2\u05d1\u05b4\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05b0\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u05dd \u05d0\u05b4\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05db\u05b8\u05ea\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05e8\u05b7\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u05dd:<\/span><\/p>\n

    49:28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them. He blessed them, every one with the blessing appropriate to him. (NASB)<\/span><\/p>\n

    Here we see the dual usage of the word Shevat (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>) as both a staff (scepter) and tribe. According to the usage of these words in the Torah, the Shevat (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>) is used as a reference to a <\/span>\u201cruling rod\u201d<\/span> whereas the word <\/span>\u05de\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4<\/span> (matteh) is used as a <\/span>\u201csupporting staff.\u201d<\/span> The word <\/span>\u05de\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4<\/span> (matteh) is a branch that bends away from a tree and has been smoothed and sized. A Shevat (<\/span>\u05e9\u05d1\u05d8<\/span>) or tribe is a descendant of a particular person. Take the example of Jacob and his twelve sons, like branches of the tree, the twelve sons bend away from their father as they grow and the Lord God Almighty gives his Torah (instruction) to these sons in order that they might be smoothed and sized according to God\u2019s word. Notice how the staff, rod, scepter, and tribe are all interconnected. There is a deep spiritual meaning here that David is bringing out in his Psalm. <\/span><\/p>\n